Akbar The Great Age, Height, Kingdom, Battles, Achievement, Family, Biography & More

The Great Emperor Akbar Biography

Biography
Full Name	Abu’l-Fath Jalal-ud-din Mohammad Akbar
Nick Name	Akbar
Date of Birth	15 October, 1542.
Birth Place	Umarkot, Sindh, (Now in Pakistan)
Date of Death	25 October, 1605.
Death Place	Agra (India)
Death Cause	Dysentery
Age	63 Years
Marital Status	Married
Height	170 cm
Profession	King
Nationality	Indian
Home Town	Umarkot, India
Books	Kalhana (Intikhabi Taariikhi Kashmir)
Education	He was deeply interested in learning all the war techniques. He was not really educated, yet he was deeply interested in acquiring knowledge about many things.
Role In	·        Battles Of Panipat      ·        Second Battle Of Panipat
Dynasty	Mughal dynasty
Religion	Muslim, Din-e-Illahi
Who defeated Akbar?	Maharana Pratap (16th Century, Battle of Haldighati)
First Battle	Second Battle of Panipat
Age When Become King?	13 Years
Tomb	Tomb of Akbar The Great, Agra
Forts	·        Agra Fort      ·        Humayun’s Tomb      ·        Buland Darwaza      ·        Jodha Bai Palace
Food Habit	Non-vegetarian
Favourite Food	Mughlai Food
Favourite Dress	Small rounded turban studded with precious stones, Long Kurta, Jacket like Shervani
Hobbies	Playing chess and flying kites, Listening to stories of other lands, Collecting horses
Biography Books
Ain-e-Akbari	Abu’l Fazl (Writter)
Family
Wife	200+ Wives, Most of Them-      ·        Harka Bai      ·        Rukaiyah Begam      ·        Jodha Begam
Did Jodha accept Islam?	Yes
Favourite Wife	Harka Bai (Also known as Marium Ur Zamani)
Parents	·        Father: Humayun      ·        Mother: Hamida Banu Begam
Brothers	·        Mirza Mohammad Hakim      ·        Farrukh-Fal Mirza      ·        Al-Aman Mirza
Sisters	·        Bakshi Banu Begam      ·        Amina Banu Begam      ·        Sakina Banu Begam      ·        Aqiqa Sultan Begam
Sons	·          Jahangir      ·        Murad Mirza      ·        Daniyal Mirza      ·        Hussain      ·        Hassan
Daughters	·        Aram Banu Begam      ·        Shahzadi Khanum      ·        Meherunnissa      ·        Shakr-un-Nissa Begam      ·        Khanum sultan Begam

Din-e-Illahi

Akbar propagated a new religion called Din-i-Ilahi in 1582. It was a collection of the finest principles of all religions. The new religion, being an amalgamation of all religions, aims to unite people of all religious sects. Its purpose was to establish the unity of God. Instead of superstitions, men were asked to follow a code of ethical conduct. To live a pure and majestic life and worship to the Lord were the cardinal principles of the new religion. Religion was simple and its principles easily understood. Din-i-Ilahi was also known as Tahid-o-Ilahi.

Early Life Of Great Akbar

  The terms of Akbar's birth on 15 October, 1542 in Umarkot, Sindh, India, gave no indication that he would be a great leader. Although Akbar was a direct descendant of Gengis Khan, and his grandfather Babur was the first emperor of the Mughal dynasty, his father, Humayun, was removed from the throne by Sher Shah Suri. Akbar was exiled when he was born.

The Kingdom of Akbar

Akbar became de jure king at the age of 13 in 1556 when his father died. The state that Akbar inherited was little more than a collection of pseudo-jagirs. Bairam Khan was appointed as Regent and Chief Army Commander of Akbar. Soon after coming to power, Akbar defeated General Himu of the Afghan forces in the Second Battle of Panipat. After a few years, he abolished the regency of Bairam Khan and took over the reins of the state. He initially offered friendship with the Rajputs. However, he had to fight against some Rajputs who opposed him.

  Under Bairam Khan's rule, however, Akbar achieved relative stability in the region. In particular, Khan won control of northern India from the Afghans and successfully led the army against the Hindu king Hemu in the Second War of Panipat. Despite this loyal service, when Akbar came of age in March 1560, he sacked Bairam Khan and took full control of the government.

  In 1576 he defeated Maha Rana Pratap of Mewar in the Battle of Haldighati. Akbar's wars made the Mughal empire twice as large as before, covering most of the Indian subcontinent except the south.

Battles & Achievements

  In 1560, Akbar started a military campaign. A Mughal army under the command of his foster brother Adham Khan and Mughal commander Pir Muhammad Khan started the Mughal conquest of Malwa. The Afghan ruler Baz Bahadur was defeated in the Battle of Sarangpur. Despite initial success, the expedition proved a disaster from Akbar's point of view. His foster brother sustained all the spoilage and followed the Central Asian practice of slaughtering the surrendered garrison, his wives and children, and several Muslim theologians and Sayyids, who were descendants of Muhammad. Akbar in person in Malwa. On board, Adham went to confront Khan and free him from command. Pir Muhammad Khan was then sent in search of Baz Bahadur, Baz Bahadur temporarily took over Malwa until, in the following year, Akbar ordered another Mughal army to invade and bring back the kingdom. Sent. Malwa became a province of the nascent imperial administration of Akbar's rule.

  Abdul Rahim Khan-e-Khan, son of Bairam Khan, being received by Akbar despite the ultimate success in Malwa, the conflict exposed a rift in Akbar's personal relations with his relatives and Mughal nobles. When Adham Khan confronted Akbar after another dispute in 1562, he was killed by the emperor and thrown from a roof into the palace courtyard at Agra. Still alive, Adham Khan is dragged and thrown into the courtyard once again so that Akbar can ensure his death.

  In 1564, when a powerful clan of Uzbek chiefs broke out in rebellion, Akbar was decisively defeated and sent to Malwa and then Bihar. He forgave rebel leaders, expected them to agree,but he revolted again, so Akbar had to revolt a second time. In 1566, Akbar left to meet the army of his brother, Muhammad Hakim, who marched with the dream of seizing the royal throne in Punjab. However, after a brief confrontation, Muhammad Hakim accepted Akbar's supremacy and moved back to Kabul.

  In 1564, the Mughal army began the conquest of Garh, a thin, populated mountainous region in central India. The region was ruled by King Veer Narayan, a minor, and his mother, Durgavati, a Rajput warrior queen of the Gonds. Durgavati committed suicide after her defeat in the Battle of Damoh, while Raja Veer Narayan was killed in the fall of the Gonds hill fort Chauragarh. The Mughals confiscated immense wealth, gold and silver, gems and uncounted seizures of 1000 elephants.

  The battle of Haldighati was fought on 18 June 1576 between the cavalry and archers, supporting the armies of the Rana of Mewar, Maharana Pratap and the Mughal Emperor Akbar, led by Man Singh I of Ambar. The Mughals were victorious in this war, but failed to capture Pratap.

Battle of Haldighati

   The siege of Chittorgarh in 1568 lost the fertile eastern belt of Mewar to the Mughals. However, the rest of the forest and hill states were still under Rana's control. Akbar was intent on securing a stable route through Gujarat to Mewar; When Rana Pratap Singh was crowned king in 1572, Akbar sent several emissaries who made Rana a vassal like many other Rajput leaders of the region. When Rana refused to represent Akbar in person, war became inevitable.

  The site of the battle was a narrow mountain pass at Haldighati near Gogunda, Rajasthan. Maharana Pratap fielded a force of about 3,000 horsemen and 400 Bhil archers. The Mughals were led by Raja Man Singh of Amber, who according to Persian sources commanded an army of about 10,000 men, the Mewari sources accounting for 80,000 Mughal soldiers against the 20,000 strong Mewari army. While the two accounts differ considerably in total numbers, they agree that the Mughal army outnumbered the Mewari soldiers by a factor of four to one. In the fierce battle in which Pratap found himself injured, he made a strategic comeback. Some of his men, under Jhala Man Singh, covered the retreat in retreat action.